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Essay question: Mary wants to be an architect; it’s her passion and she’s quite
Essay question: Mary wants to be an architect; it’s her passion and she’s quite good at it. If she does become an architect, not only will it make her very happy, but other people will benefit too. However, Mary is also aware that if she gives up her architecture plans and instead devotes her life to working for a charity helping the needy, this will produce much more overall happiness in the world. (We’ll assume that this is true.) She doesn’t particularly want to do this—in fact, she knows that it will make her own life pretty miserable. Nevertheless, by sacrificing her own happiness she can make a lot of other people happier.
Explain how Mary’s situation might be thought to pose a problem for utilitarianism.
There are two different possible responses to this problem were offered in defense of utilitarianism. Describe these two responses. (Do not describe any other possible responses.) Do you find either of these responses reasonable? Say why or why not.
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