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Desсrіption
Flood frequency analysis (FFA) is a hydrological technique commonly
Desсrіption
Flood frequency analysis (FFA) is a hydrological technique commonly used to relate the magnitude of
annual peak flood events in a catchment to their frequency of occurrence using statistical methods
such as probability distribution functions (PDF). Here, annual hydrological data provide essential
information to predict the recurrence interval of flood events in a catchment. Engineers use such
information for the design of hydraulic structures such as dams, bridges, weirs, etc. Authorities and
other policymakers normally use such flood information for effective flood management plans and to
manage the impact of floods by reducing the negative impacts of floods on people’s lives and property.
Therefore, this project requires a student to carry out the flood frequency analysis (FFA) of any river
catchment/basin in South Africa to determine the hydrological probability distribution function that
best fits the hydrological data at the flow gauging station of your choice. Thus, the project requires a
student to choose a flow gauging station on any river within the Republic of South Africa. Then, once
the gauging station is chosen, obtain the hydrological data (river discharges) from the Department of
Water and Sanitation (DWS), https://www.dws.gov.za/hydrology/, for that gauging station. The
discharge values that you will need are the annual peak discharges for the gauging station. In other
words, if your gauging station has only daily or monthly flows, then you must convert your data to
annual peak values. This data is open source and in the public domain, and, therefore, all you need is
just to download it. For your statistical analysis to be credible, you will need data spanning at least 40
years.
The project essentially requires the PDF that best fits the annual peak flood records at the chosen
gauging station. This study also requires determining the flood magnitudes corresponding to different
recurrence intervals. For this study, the FFA must be done and checked using the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers, Hydrologic Engineering Center’s (HEC) Statistical Software Package (HEC-SSP). This
software is an open-source software, completely free, that allows users to perform statistical analyses
of hydrologic data like flood values. The current version of the HEC-SSP that can perform flood
frequency analysis is Bulletin 17C. In all this flood analysis, you may assume that your annual peak
flood values are random data, independent of each other. Otherwise, all the information, including
the research study objectives, is provided in the project brief available to students who have selected
this research topic.
At the end of your project, a final report is required, which should contain, among other things, the
project background, introduction, catchment desсrіption, modelling/calculations, findings &
discussions, hydrological data, and your recommendations. Within the context of civil engineering,
you will also need to explain how the information you have generated can be useful to others.
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